28th July 202 Current affairs Quiz for UPSC Prelims
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Question 1 of 5
1. Question
2 points
Consider the following statements about the National Research Foundation Bill:
a. Under the bill, National Research Foundation will be established which is an apex body to provide high-level strategic direction of scientific research in the country as per recommendations of the National Education Policy (NEP).
b. Department of Education will be the administrative Department of NRF.
c. The bill will also repeal the Science and Engineering Research Board (SERB) and subsume it into NRF.
How many of the above statements are correct?
Correct
The answer is b.
Statements 1 and 3 are correct. Statement 2 is wrong.
Statement 1: Under the bill, National Research Foundation will be established which is an apex body to provide high-level strategic direction of scientific research in the country as per recommendations of the National Education Policy (NEP).
Statement 2: Department of Science and Technology will be the administrative Department of NRF which will be governed by a Governing Board consisting of eminent researchers and professionals across disciplines. Since the scope of the NRF is wide-ranging – impacting all ministries – the Prime Minister will be the ex-officio President of the Board and the Union Minister of Science & Technology & Union Minister of Education will be the ex-officio Vice-Presidents. NRF’s functioning will be governed by an Executive Council chaired by the Principal Scientific Adviser to the Government of India.
Statement 3 : The bill will also repeal the Science and Engineering Research Board (SERB) and subsume it into NRF.
Incorrect
The answer is b.
Statements 1 and 3 are correct. Statement 2 is wrong.
Statement 1: Under the bill, National Research Foundation will be established which is an apex body to provide high-level strategic direction of scientific research in the country as per recommendations of the National Education Policy (NEP).
Statement 2: Department of Science and Technology will be the administrative Department of NRF which will be governed by a Governing Board consisting of eminent researchers and professionals across disciplines. Since the scope of the NRF is wide-ranging – impacting all ministries – the Prime Minister will be the ex-officio President of the Board and the Union Minister of Science & Technology & Union Minister of Education will be the ex-officio Vice-Presidents. NRF’s functioning will be governed by an Executive Council chaired by the Principal Scientific Adviser to the Government of India.
Statement 3 : The bill will also repeal the Science and Engineering Research Board (SERB) and subsume it into NRF.
Question 2 of 5
2. Question
2 points
Consider the following statements about Hepatitis:
a. Hepatitis B is the easiest to transmit, especially in children, but is also the least likely to damage the liver and is usually mild.
b. Hepatitis A can be transmitted through exposure to contaminated blood, needles, syringes or bodily fluids and from mother to baby.
c. Hepatitis C is only transmitted through infected blood or from mother to newborn during childbirth.
d. Hepatitis D is only found in people who are also infected with hepatitis B.
e. There are no vaccines against hepatitis types A and B.
How many of the above statements are correct?
Correct
The answer is a.
Statements 1,2 and 5 are wrong. Statements 3 and 4 are correct.
Statement 1: Hepatitis is a general term used to describe inflammation of the liver. It is mostly a food-borne illness and can be spread through contaminated water and unwashed food. It is the easiest to transmit, especially in children, but is also the least likely to damage the liver and is usually mild and is completely resolved within six months.
Statement 2: Hepatitis B can be transmitted through exposure to contaminated blood, needles, syringes or bodily fluids and from mother to baby. It is a chronic disorder and in some cases may lead to long-term liver damage, liver cancer and cirrhosis of the liver after many years of carrying the virus.
Statement 3: Hepatitis C is only transmitted through infected blood or from mother to newborn during childbirth. It too can lead to liver cancer and cirrhosis in the long term.
Statement 4: Hepatitis D is only found in people who are also infected with hepatitis B. Hepatitis E is predominantly found in Africa, Asia and South America.
Statement 5: There are no vaccines against hepatitis types C, D and E. But there are vaccines against Hepatitis A and B. There is no cure for hepatitis once it occurs. Treatment focuses on preventing further damage to the liver, reversing existing damage if possible and symptom relief.
Incorrect
The answer is a.
Statements 1,2 and 5 are wrong. Statements 3 and 4 are correct.
Statement 1: Hepatitis is a general term used to describe inflammation of the liver. It is mostly a food-borne illness and can be spread through contaminated water and unwashed food. It is the easiest to transmit, especially in children, but is also the least likely to damage the liver and is usually mild and is completely resolved within six months.
Statement 2: Hepatitis B can be transmitted through exposure to contaminated blood, needles, syringes or bodily fluids and from mother to baby. It is a chronic disorder and in some cases may lead to long-term liver damage, liver cancer and cirrhosis of the liver after many years of carrying the virus.
Statement 3: Hepatitis C is only transmitted through infected blood or from mother to newborn during childbirth. It too can lead to liver cancer and cirrhosis in the long term.
Statement 4: Hepatitis D is only found in people who are also infected with hepatitis B. Hepatitis E is predominantly found in Africa, Asia and South America.
Statement 5: There are no vaccines against hepatitis types C, D and E. But there are vaccines against Hepatitis A and B. There is no cure for hepatitis once it occurs. Treatment focuses on preventing further damage to the liver, reversing existing damage if possible and symptom relief.
Question 3 of 5
3. Question
2 points
Consider the following statements about Biosimilars:
Statement I : A biosimilar is regarded as a generic of a biological medicine.
Statement II: In the case of Biosimilars, the natural variability and more complex manufacturing of biological medicines do not allow an exact replication of the molecular micro-heterogeneity.
Which one of the following is correct in respect of the above statements?
Correct
The answer is d.
Statement I is incorrect but Statement II is correct.
Statement I: A biosimilar is a biological medicine highly similar to another already approved biological medicine (the ‘reference medicine’). A biosimilar is not regarded as a generic of biological medicine.
Statement II: In the case of Biosimilars, the natural variability and more complex manufacturing of biological medicines do not allow an exact replication of the molecular micro-heterogeneity. Therefore it is not regarded as a generic of a Biological medicine.
Incorrect
The answer is d.
Statement I is incorrect but Statement II is correct.
Statement I: A biosimilar is a biological medicine highly similar to another already approved biological medicine (the ‘reference medicine’). A biosimilar is not regarded as a generic of biological medicine.
Statement II: In the case of Biosimilars, the natural variability and more complex manufacturing of biological medicines do not allow an exact replication of the molecular micro-heterogeneity. Therefore it is not regarded as a generic of a Biological medicine.
Question 4 of 5
4. Question
2 points
Consider the following differences between Central Ground Water Board (CGWB) and Central Ground Water Authority (CGWA):
a. Central Ground Water Board is constituted under the Environment Protection Act 1986 while Central Ground Water Authority is a subordinate office of the Ministry of Jal Shakti, Department of Water Resources, River Development, Ganga Rejuvenation.
b. Central Ground Water Board is the National Apex Agency entrusted with the responsibilities of providing scientific inputs for the management, exploration, monitoring, assessment, augmentation and regulation of ground water resources of the country.
c. Central Ground Water Authority was established to regulate and control the development and management of ground water resources in the country.
d. Central Ground Water Board can resort to penal provisions.
How many of the statements given above are correct?
Correct
The answer is a.
Statements 1 and 4 are wrong. Statements 2 and 3 are correct.
Statement 1: Central Ground Water Authority is constituted under the Environment Protection Act 1986 while Central Ground Water Board is a subordinate office of the Ministry of Jal Shakti, Department of Water Resources, River Development, Ganga Rejuvenation.
Statement 2: Central Ground Water Board is the National Apex Agency entrusted with the responsibilities of providing scientific inputs for management, exploration, monitoring, assessment, augmentation and regulation of ground water resources of the country.
Statement 3: Central Ground Water Authority was established to regulate and control the development and management of ground water resources in the country.
Statement 4: Central Ground Water Authority can resort to penal provisions contained in sections 15 to 21 of the Environment Protection Act 1986.
Incorrect
The answer is a.
Statements 1 and 4 are wrong. Statements 2 and 3 are correct.
Statement 1: Central Ground Water Authority is constituted under the Environment Protection Act 1986 while Central Ground Water Board is a subordinate office of the Ministry of Jal Shakti, Department of Water Resources, River Development, Ganga Rejuvenation.
Statement 2: Central Ground Water Board is the National Apex Agency entrusted with the responsibilities of providing scientific inputs for management, exploration, monitoring, assessment, augmentation and regulation of ground water resources of the country.
Statement 3: Central Ground Water Authority was established to regulate and control the development and management of ground water resources in the country.
Statement 4: Central Ground Water Authority can resort to penal provisions contained in sections 15 to 21 of the Environment Protection Act 1986.
Question 5 of 5
5. Question
2 points
Consider the following:
a. Niger
b. Chad
c. Cameroon
d. Benin
e. Gulf of Guinea
f. Sudan
How many of the above countries border Nigeria?
Correct
The answer is c.
Sudan does not border Nigeria. Nigeria is a country in West Africa. It is situated between the Sahel to the north and the Gulf of Guinea to the south in the Atlantic Ocean. It is the most populous country in Africa. Nigeria borders Niger in the north, Chad in the northeast, Cameroon in the east, and Benin in the west. Nigeria’s economy is the largest in Africa. It is a founding member of the African Union.
Incorrect
The answer is c.
Sudan does not border Nigeria. Nigeria is a country in West Africa. It is situated between the Sahel to the north and the Gulf of Guinea to the south in the Atlantic Ocean. It is the most populous country in Africa. Nigeria borders Niger in the north, Chad in the northeast, Cameroon in the east, and Benin in the west. Nigeria’s economy is the largest in Africa. It is a founding member of the African Union.
