At SCO meet, Jaishankar targets BRI
#GS-02 International Relations
For Prelims:
About SCO:
- Shanghai Cooperation Organization (SCO) is a permanent intergovernmental international organization for regional security.
- SCO was created in 2001 as a successor to Shanghai Five which was constituted by Kazakhstan, China, Kyrgyzstan, Russia and Tajikistan.
- After Uzbekistan joined the organization in 2001, the Shanghai Five was renamed as the Shanghai Cooperation Organization.
- India and Pakistan joined the grouping in 2017, Iran became the newest member of the grouping in 2022 while Belarus has applied for membership.
- India is going to be the next Chair of the SCO, and will be hosting the summit in 2023.
About BRI:
- Belt and Road initiative is an investment program that aims at infrastructure development and economic integration of countries along the route of the historic Silk Road.
- The Initiative was announced in 2013 by China’s President Xi Jinping and was previously called as the one belt one road initiative.
It encompassed five kinds of activities:
- Policy coordination
- Trade promotion
- Physical connectivity
- Renminbi internationalisation
- People to people contacts.
For Mains:
Concerns about BRI:
- The projects undertaken under BRI are all allotted to Chines State owned companies most of which bring in Chinese workers. These practices result in economic loss for the host country.
- BRI is seen as a debt trap instrument of the Chinese as seen in Sri Lanka and Pakistan.
- India has raised concerns about violation of its sovereignty by the BRI since a part of it called the China Pakistan Economic Corridor (CPEC) passes through Pakistan occupied Kashmir.
- BRI projects are also marred with allegations of corruption and bribery. Massive protests have been happening in BRI sites in many countries including Pakistan.
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