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Question 1 of 10
1. Question
2 points
Consider the following about solar flares and coronal mass ejections ( CMEs ) :
1. A CME can jostle Earth’s magnetic fields creating currents that drive particles down towards Earth’s poles .
2. Both eruptions are created when the motion of the Sun’s interior contorts its own magnetic fields.
3. While solar flares involve huge explosions of energy , CMEs involve formation of energy suctions in space that consume energy from its surroundings.
4. CMEs travel at the speed of light , solar flares do not .
Select the correct answer using the codes below :
Correct
• Statement 1 : Flares and CMEs behave differently in terms of its impact on Earth . Radio waves travelling through the atmosphere can be disrupted by the energy from a flare . This can lead to disruption of communications and navigation signals and even temporary blackouts . CMES which interfere with Earth’s magnetic fields can funnel particles into near – Earth space driving it further downwards towards Earth’s poles . These cosmic particles react with oxygen and nitrogen producing brilliant display of lights called aurora . This is also known as the Northern and Southern Lights . Besides , the changes in the magnetic field can disrupt a variety of human technologies .
• Statement 3 : These magnetic fields realign themselves resembling sudden release of a compressed rubber band . This drives vast amounts of energy into space leading to generation of a sudden flash of light which is called a solar flare . Explosions can also occur due to magnetic contortions which hurl huge amounts of solar matter into space .
Incorrect
Question 2 of 10
2. Question
2 points
Earth’s orbital velocity around the Sun varies with
Correct
Learning : As the Earth moves close to the Sun , its orbital velocity increases , and decreases as it goes farther from the Sun.
• Based on Kepler’s three laws of motion ( 9th standard Physics ) , you will know that in an elliptical orbit , a body will trace equal orbital area in equal intervals of time . So , depending on the shape of the orbit , the velocity of Earth will vary .
Incorrect
Question 3 of 10
3. Question
2 points
Consider the following statements :
1. The gravitation force ( g ) is not the same at different latitudes on the surface of the Earth .
2. Uneven distribution of mass of material within the Earth influences the gravitational force as experienced within the Earth .
Which of the above is / are correct?
Correct
• Justification :
• Statement 1 : It is greater near the poles and less at the equator . This is because of the distance from the centre at the equator being greater than that at the poles .
• Statement 2 : Distribution of mass affects the effective mass , that is , applying the gravitational force . Since not all earthly mass has same density , there is bound to be a difference in the way gravitational force is experienced within the Earth .
Incorrect
Question 4 of 10
4. Question
2 points
Which of the following sources helps in studying about the interior of the Earth ?
1. Meteors that at times reach the Earth
2. Gravitation
3. Magnetic field
4. Seismic activity
Select the correct answer using the codes the below :
Correct
• Meteors serve as a source of information on Earth . Yet , it is noteworthy that the analysis has shown that the materials from meteors are not from the interior of the Earth , but are similar to that on the Earth . They are solid bodies with materials that are similar to that on Earth . Therefore , they become another source of information about the Earth’s interior .
• Some other indirect sources of information include gravitation , magnetic field , and seismic activity . According to the mass of material , the gravity values differ . This value is also affected by the uneven distribution of mass of material within the Earth . The variations in the gravity values provide us the information about how the mass of the material is distributed on the crust of the Earth . Magnetic surveys also give information about the distribution of magnetic materials in the crustal portion and , thus , give information regarding the distribution of materials in this region . Seismic activity is one of the most important sources that give information about the interior of the Earth .
Incorrect
Question 5 of 10
5. Question
2 points
The action of the endogenic forces is not uniform and thus the tectonically controlled original crustal surface is uneven . This can be attributed to factors like
1. Variation in crustal thickness
2. Variation in geothermal gradients
3. Volcanism in lithosphere
Choose the correct answer using the codes below;
Correct
• The energy emanating from within the Earth is the main force behind endogenic geomorphic processes . This energy is mostly generated by radioactivity , rotational and tidal friction and primordial heat from the origin of the Earth . This energy due to geothermal gradients and heat flow from within induces diastrophism and volcanism in the lithosphere . Due to variations in geothermal gradients and heat flow from within , crustal thickness and strength , the action of endogenic forces is not uniform and hence the tectonically controlled original crustal surface is uneven .
Incorrect
Question 6 of 10
6. Question
2 points
All rocks whether igneous or sedimentary can become metamorphic rocks under great temperature and pressure . In this manner , which of the conversions to metamorphic rocks below is correct ?
1. Clay to slate
2. Coal to graphite
3. Sandstone to quartzite
4. Shale to schist
Choose the correct answer from the following codes :
Correct
• Justification: Self- explanatory
Incorrect
Question 7 of 10
7. Question
2 points
With reference to fold mountains , consider the following statements :
1. Alpine mountain building phase is the recent phase to which the Himalayan mountains belong to .
2. Ural Mountains were formed during Alpine orogeny ( mountain building phase ) too.
Which of the above is / are incorrect?
Understanding Karst topography is important because
1. Nearly 10 % of the Earth’s surface is occupied by karst landscape
2. Such topography occurs only in tropical and alpine environments .
3. Nearly a quarter of the world’s population depends upon water supplied from karst areas
Select the correct answer using the codes below :
Correct
• Justification : The term ‘ karst ‘ means a distinctive topography formed from the dissolution ( also called chemical solution ) of underlying soluble rocks by surface water or ground water .
• Although generally formed by carbonate rocks ( limestone and dolomite ) , other highly soluble rocks like evaporates ( gypsum and rock salt ) can also form karst terrain .
• Statement 2 : Though karst terrain is most abundant in humid regions rich in carbonate rock , it also occurs in environments that are temperate , tropical , alpine and polar . Karst features range from as small as microscopic ( chemical precipitates ) to entire drainage systems and ecosystems which spread over hundreds of square miles , and even raise as broad karst plateaus.
Incorrect
Question 9 of 10
9. Question
2 points
Consider the following statements about the physiography of India :
1. The core of the Great Himalayan is made up of limestone rocks .
2. The trough of the Narmada river is interposed between the Vindhyan and the Satpura ranges .
3. The Deccan Plateau receives heavy rainfall throughout the year as it falls on the windward side of major hills of Central and Southern India .
Select the correct answer using the codes below :
Correct
Justification :
• Statement 1 : Limestones can’t bear the heavy weight of Himalayas . The core is actually made of granite rocks .
• Statement 2 : It is one of the rivers in India that flows in a rift valley , flowing west between the Satpura and Vindhya ranges .
Incorrect
Question 10 of 10
10. Question
2 points
Consider the following statements : Fold mountains are
1. Created where two or more of Earth’s tectonic plates are pushed together
2. Often associated with continental crust
3. The most common type of mountain in the world
4. Composed mainly of igneous rocks
Select the correct answer using the codes below :
Correct
• Justification :
• Statement 1 : At these colliding , compressing boundaries , rocks and debris are warped and folded into rocky outcrops , hills , mountains , and entire mountain ranges .
• Statement 2 : They are created at convergent plate boundaries , sometimes called continental collision zones or compression zones . Convergent plate boundaries are sites of collisions , where tectonic plates crash into each other.
