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Question 1 of 10
1. Question
2 points
Consider the following statements regarding Wildlife Protection Act 1972:
1. Schedule IV of this act allows the hunting of certain animals.
2. The Act prohibits certain species from Cultivation and Plantation.
Which of the above statements is/are correct?
Correct
Correct Answer: B
Explanation
• Statement 1 is incorrect. Statement 2 is correct. The Parliament of India enacted Wildlife Protection Act 1972, for the protection of plants and animal species.
• It has six schedules which give varying degrees of protection. Schedule I and part II of Schedule II provide absolute protection – offenses under these are prescribed the highest penalties. Statement 1 is incorrect.
• Species listed in Schedule III and Schedule IV are also protected, but the penalties are much lower. Schedule V includes the animals which may be hunted. Statement 2 is correct. The specified endemic plants in Schedule VI are prohibited from cultivation and planting.
Incorrect
Question 2 of 10
2. Question
2 points
Consider the following statements regarding Biological Oxygen Demand (BOD):
1. Higher the pollution level of water body lower the BOD is.
2. It is the required amount of Oxygen to break down organic matter biologically.
Which of the above statements is/are correct?
Correct
Correct Answer: B
Explanation
• Statement 1 is incorrect. Statement 2 is correct.
• The amount of dissolved oxygen required by aerobic microorganisms to break down the organic materials in a sample of water at a specific temperature & timeframe. The amount of BOD in the water is a measure of the amount of organic material in the water, in terms of how much oxygen will be required to break it down biologically. Hence, statement 1 is INCORRECT.
• Clean Water would have a BOD value of less than 5 ppm whereas highly polluted water could have a BOD value of 17 ppm or more. Hence, statement 2 is CORRECT.
Incorrect
Question 3 of 10
3. Question
2 points
With reference to ecological pyramids, consider the following statements:
1. In an aquatic ecosystem, the pyramid of biomass is always upright.
2. In all types of ecosystems, the pyramid of numbers is always upright.
3. In a terrestrial ecosystem, the pyramid of energy is always upright.
Which of the statements given above is/are correct?
Correct
Correct Answer: C
Explanation
• Statement 3 is correct. Statements 1 and 2 are incorrect.
• The pyramid of biomass in the sea is generally inverted because the biomass of fishes far exceeds that of phytoplankton. Hence, statement 1 is INCORRECT.
• An inverted pyramid of numbers can be found in an ecosystem where the community contains a few producers with very large biomass that support a larger number of smaller consumers.
• Also, energy at a lower trophic level is always more than at a higher level. Hence 2 is INCORRECT. The pyramid of energy is always upright because when energy flows from a particular trophic level to the next trophic level, some energy is always lost as heat at each step. Hence statement 3 is CORRECT.
Incorrect
Question 4 of 10
4. Question
2 points
Consider the following statements regarding ecological productivity:
1. Primary production is defined as the amount of biomass or organic matter produced per unit area over a time period by plants during photosynthesis.
2. Net primary productivity is defined as the rate of formation of new organic matter by consumers.
Which of the statements given above is/are correct?
Correct
Correct Answer: A
Explanation
Statement 1 is correct. Statement 2 is incorrect. A constant input of solar energy is the basic requirement for any ecosystem to function and sustain. Primary production is defined as the amount of biomass or organic matter produced per unit area over a time period by plants during photosynthesis. Hence statement 1 is CORRECT. Net primary productivity is the available biomass for the consumption to heterotrophs (herbivores and decomposers). Hence, statement 2 is INCORRECT.
Incorrect
Question 5 of 10
5. Question
2 points
Which of the following are part of National Action Plan on Climate Change?
1. National Bio-Energy Mission
2. National Mission for Sustaining the Himalayan Ecosystem
3. National Mission for Sustainable Agriculture
4. National Solar Mission
Which of the statements given above is/are correct?
Correct
Correct Answer: C
Explanation
Options 2, 3 and 4 are correct. Option 1 is incorrect. Statement 1 is INCORRECT. National BioEnergy Mission is not part of NAPCC, The National Action Plan hinges on the development and use of new technologies. The implementation of the Plan includes public private partnerships and civil society action. The focus will be on promoting understanding of climate change, adaptation and mitigation, energy efficiency and natural resource conservation.
There are Eight National Missions which form the core of the National Action Plan.
1. National Solar Mission
2. National Mission on Sustainable Habitat
3. National Water Mission (NWM)
4. National Mission for Sustaining The Himalayan Ecosystem (NMSHE)
5. National Mission for A Green India
6. National Mission for Sustainable Agriculture (NMSA)
7. National Mission on Strategic Knowledge for Climate Change (NMSKCC)
8. National Mission for Enhanced Energy Efficiency (NMEEE)
Incorrect
Question 6 of 10
6. Question
2 points
Consider the following statement regarding the Kuttanad:
1. It is the only place in India where rice cultivation is done below the sea level.
2. The ecology of Kuttanad has been considered as a Globally Important Agriculture Heritage System (GIAHS).
3. It is located in the Indian state of Tamil Nadu.
Which of the above statement sis/are correct?
Correct
Correct Answer: A
Explanation
• Statements 1 and 2 are correct. Statement 3 is incorrect. Kuttanad is a delta region of about 900 sq. km situated on the west coast of Kerala State, India. Hence statement 3 is INCORRECT.
• The Kuttanad Below Sea-level Farming System (KBSFS) is unique, as it is the only system in India that practices rice cultvation below sea level. Hence statement 1 is CORRECT.
• The ecology of Kuttanad has been considered as a Globally Important Agriculture Heritage System (GIAHS) by Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO). Hence statement 2 is CORRECT.
Incorrect
Question 7 of 10
7. Question
2 points
In context to marine ecosystem, which of the following is/are correct about ‘Hope Spots’?
1. These are special places that are critical to the health of the ocean.
2. They are declared by the United Nations Convention on Laws of Seas.
3. Till now the Indian Ocean region has no hope spots.
Select the correct answer using the code given below:
Correct
Correct Answer: C
Explanation
Statements 1 and 3 are correct. Statement 2 is correct. A Hope Spot is any special place that is critical to the health of the ocean— Earth’s blue heart. Hence, statement 1 is CORRECT. Andaman and Nicobar and Lakshwadeep Islands have been named as the new “hope spots” The two islands are the first spots in India. Hence, statement 3 is INCORRECT. Hope Spots are about recognizing, empowering and supporting individuals and communities around the world in their efforts to protect the ocean. Hope Spots allow us to plan for the future and look beyond current marine protected areas (MPAs). Hope Spots are often areas that need new protection, but they can also be existing MPAs where more action is needed. They can be large, they can be small, but they all provide hope due to:
o A special abundance or diversity of species, unusual or representative species, habitats or ecosystems o Particular populations of rare, threatened or endemic species
o A site with potential to reverse damage from negative human impacts
o Spectacles of nature, e.g., major migration corridors or spawning grounds
o Significant historical, cultural or spiritual values
o Particular economic importance to the community
The International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN) and Mission Blue, an organization involved in the study of oceans declares a marine area as a hope spot. Hence, statement 2 is INCORRECT.
Incorrect
Question 8 of 10
8. Question
2 points
Which of the following is/are advantage/advantages of biogas?
1. It burns without smoke.
2. It is safe and convenient to use.
3. Left-over slurry is a good manure rich in nitrogen and phosphorus.
Select the correct answer using the code given below:
Correct
Correct Answer: D
Explanation
• All the statements are correct.
• Biogas is the mixture of methane (nearly 75 %), hydrogen sulphide, carbon dioxide and hydrogen. It is produced by the decomposition of animal wastes (cow dung) and plant wastes in the absence of oxygen.
• It is also commonly called as ‘Gobar gas’ since the starting material used is cow dung which means gobar in Hindi.
Advantages of biogas:
1. It burns without smoke and therefore causes less pollution. Hence, statement 1 is correct.
2. An excellent way to get rid of organic wastes like bio-waste and sewage material.
3. Left over slurry is a good manure rich in nitrogen and phosphorus. Hence, statement 3 is correct.
4. It is safe and convenient to use. Hence, statement 2 is correct.
Uses of biogas:
1. It is used as fuel for cooking.
2. It is used to run motors and pump sets.
3. It is used to generate electricity.
Incorrect
Question 9 of 10
9. Question
2 points
Consider the following statements regarding the Coral Reefs:
1. They are found throughout the entire coast of India.
2. Colour to the Coral Reefs is given by Zooxanthellae.
3. Excess nutrients and exposure to UV rays can cause bleaching into them.
Which of the above statements given is/are correct?
Correct
Correct Answer: B
Explanation
Statement 1 is incorrect. Statements 2 and 3 are correct. In the Indian seas, coral reefs are found in the Gulf of Mannar, Pak-bay, Lakshadweep (atolls), Gulf of Kutch, and Andaman and Nicobar sea areas. Hence, statement 1 is INCORRECT. Zooxanthellae are unicellular algae that provide colour to corals. They also provide food to corals and their deaths lead to the breakdown of the symbiotic relationship between them. This breakdown of the symbiotic relationship causes starvation and resultant deaths of coral polyps. This condition exposes the white calcium carbonate skeletons of the coral colony. Hence, statement 2 is CORRECT. Reasons for their bleaching are disease, excess shade, increased levels of ultraviolet radiation, sedimentation, pollution, salinity changes, and increased temperatures. Other reasons are Increased exposure to ultraviolet (UV) radiation, large amounts of stormwater from heavy rains flooding the reef; the exposure of coral to certain chemicals or diseases, sediments such as sand or dirt covering the coral, excess nutrients. Hence, statement 3 is CORRECT.
Incorrect
Question 10 of 10
10. Question
2 points
Consider the following statements regarding Central Pollution Control Board (CPCB):
1. It functions under the Ministry of Environment, Forest and Climate Change.
2. It was constituted under the Air (Prevention and Control of Pollution) Act, 1981.
3. It co-ordinates the activities of the State Pollution Control Boards
Select the correct answer using the code given below.
Correct
Correct Answer: A
Explanation
Statement 1 is correct. Statement 2 is incorrect.
The Central Pollution Control Board (CPCB) of India is a statutory organisation under the Ministry of Environment and Forests (MoEFCC). It was established in 1974 under the Water (Prevention and Control of pollution) Act, 1974. CPCB is also entrusted with the powers and functions under the Air (Prevention and Control of Pollution) Act, 1981. Hence Statement 3 is correct. It serves as a field formation and also provides technical services to the Ministry of Environment and Forests under the provisions of the Environment (Protection) Act, 1986. It Co-ordinates the activities of the State Pollution Control Boards by providing technical assistance and guidance and also resolves disputes among them. It is the apex organisation in country in the field of pollution control, as a technical wing of MoEFCC.
