TB in India: Significant Progress Recognized by WHO
Context:
India’s success in reducing TB incidence by 16% and TB mortality by 18% since 2015 has been acknowledged by the World Health Organization (WHO).
Relevance:
GS-02 (Government policies and interventions, Health)
Main Highlights:
- According to the 2023 Global TB Report from WHO, India has achieved remarkable advancements in enhancing case detection and mitigating the impact of COVID-19 on the TB program.
- India’s 16% reduction in TB incidence in 2022, compared to 2015, stands out, nearly doubling the global pace of TB incidence decline, which is at 8.7%.
- During the same period, TB mortality in India and globally has seen an 18% reduction.
- The report highlights India’s successful implementation of intensified case detection strategies, resulting in the highest-ever notification of TB cases in 2022, with over 24.22 lakh TB cases reported, surpassing pre-COVID levels.
- India’s commitment to prioritizing TB elimination is evident through bold steps and increased resource allocation to the National TB Elimination Programme, operating under the National Health Mission.
What is TB?
- Tuberculosis (TB) is a contagious bacterial infection that primarily affects the lungs but can also impact other parts of the body.
- Caused by the bacterium Mycobacterium tuberculosis, TB spreads through the air when an infected person coughs or sneezes.
- Symptoms include persistent cough, chest pain, weight loss, and fatigue.
- TB remains a global health concern, and efforts for early detection and effective treatment are crucial for its control and eventual elimination.
