Exports drop by 12.2% in 2022

Exports drop by 12.2% in 2022

Exports drop by 12.2% in 2022

#GS-03 External Sector

For Prelims

Trade Deficit:

  • Trade deficit or negative balance of trade (BOT) is calculated as the difference between exports and imports when imports are higher than exports.
  • The opposite of trade deficit is termed trade surplus and it occurs when exports are higher than imports.
  • Trade deficit forms a part of the Current Account Deficit.

Current Account Deficit:

  • The current account deficit is the measure of a country’s trade when the value of the goods and services it imports is more than the value of the products it exports.
  • Current account is calculating using the formula (X-M) + NI + NT
  • Where X-M stands for trade balance, X, the value of Exports and M, the value of Imports.
  • NI is the net income from abroad which mainly includes income from foreign countries such as interests and dividends.
  • NT is the net current transfers which consist of government transfers such as foreign aid.
  • The current account is representative of a country’s foreign transactions and along with the capital account, forms a country’s balance of payments (BOP).

Balance Of Payments (BOP)

  • The balance of payments (BOP) can also be called as the balance of international payments.
  • It is a statement which includes all transactions made between entities in one country and the rest of the world over a fixed period of time, such as a quarter or a year.

 

For Mains

India’s Exports

  • India exported goods worth $34.48 billion in December 2022 which showcases a 75% rise from November 2022.
  • However, it’s a steep 12.2% dip from the same figure last year.
  • This is the second time in three months that the value of exports has decreased in a year-on-year basis, the other being October 2022.
  • Despite a dip in two months, merchandise exports in the first nine months of 2022-23 showed a rise of 9.1% than a year ago at $332.76 billion.
  • Goods imports, on the other hand, had increased by about 25% at $551.7 billion.

Exports from 19 of 30 major exporting sectors shrank in December, including;

  • Cotton yarn and handlooms (-40.4%),
  • handicrafts (-36.9%),
  • petroleum products (-26.9%),
  • plastic and linoleum (-26.23%),
  • gems and jewellery (-15.2%).

Source “Exports drop by 12.2% in a year on slow demand

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